SOULS, SAINTS AND RENEWING THE FACE OF THE EARTH
The Rev. Harold Shepherd, CD, M.A., S.T.M., LL.B., LL.M., Ph.D.
Sermon from All Saints Day 2002


Every fall we go through the routine of buying candy to hand out to children who come to our door threatening us with a trick if we do not offer them a treat. In preparation for this event, we shop for a pumpkin that will do justice to our creative carving talents. Many costume parties are held, and children decide what they want to dress up as on Halloween. Some Christians object to the celebration of Halloween because of its pagan origins. Most, however, treat is as a harmless children’s festival. After all, it is no longer associated with its Celtic religious background in any meaningful way, given that these beliefs and practices have been largely lost. They certainly do not form part of society’s world view. Halloween does, however, have some legitimate connections to Christianity. The name itself is a contraction of “All Hallow’s Eve.” As the Eve of All Saints’ Day, it is a time to commemorate and celebrate those who have gone before us in Christian pilgrimage. As the day set aside to remember the faithful departed, it serves to remind us of the communion of saints that spans time and space. All Saints Day was originally celebrated in the spring on the first Sunday after Pentecost. In the early 7th century it was fixed on May 13. In the middle of the 8th century, Pope Gregory III dedicated a chapel in the basilica of St. Peter in Rome to “All the Saints” on November 1. Thereafter, All Saints Day was commemorated in some places on this date, whereas others continued the practice of celebrating it in on May 13. In the 9th century, Gregory IV ordered the universal observance of All Saints Day on November 1. In 998, Odilo, the fifth Abbot of Benedictine monastery at Cluny, ordered the annual commemoration of All Souls on November 2. Thereafter, it spread throughout the Western Church. This had an interesting, although perhaps unintentional affect. It brought together the Christian commemoration of the faithful departed and all souls with a Celtic fall feast. The latter was not unique to the Celtic people. In Greco-Roman mythology, the change from summer to winter was associated with the descent to the underworld of the deity who brought summer conditions. The same can be found in the Ancient Near East, as can be seen in Mesopotamia with Tammuz. For the Celts, this descent to the underworld of the deity associated with summer at Beltain marked the transition from summer to winter. At this time of year, a window was opened that permitted the departed to interact with mortals. Because the gates to the underworld needed to be opened in the fall to effect the transition to winter, the belief developed that the departed could dash out for a quick vacation. Rituals were developed that included making sure that those who decided to pay a visit would be properly fed- hence to tradition of trick or treating

As Christians, we are reminded of several important points by the history, tradition and practice of the period from October 31 to November 2. First, as a transitional point between summer and winter, we move from tending our gardens to huddling around the fire. In agricultural societies with limited modes of transportation, it marked a period of vulnerability with respect to the food supply. In the modern world, we can easily obtain fresh produce in the middle of winter. For those who work in offices, there is little difference between summer and winter with respect to work. In Toronto, we have become, to a large extend, alienated from the rigours and threats of nature, expect when Mayor Mel needs to call in the army to shovel snow.. We take it for granted that there will be an abundant supply of food when we go to the store. We are reminded that we are trustees of God’s world. The communion of saints is not only concerned with the fellowship of God’ people, but also a sense of fellowship with God’s world and all that is in it. St. Francis of Assisi talked about the sun, moon and animals as brothers and sisters. It would be unfair to write him off as being eccentric There is a sense in which communion with God involves fellowship with all of God’s creation. Caring for the planet is associated with caring for each other. As we prepare for winter and celebrate God’s saints, we celebrate the interconnectedness of God’s creation and ask that, out of the bareness of winter, the world will again emerge full of life in spring. The death in creation brought about by winter will give way to the new life in spring, just as the death of God’s saints will lead to resurrection in the Kingdom of God. Despite what we see around us, God is in control and has gathered his people into fellowship. Life triumphs, even in winter. Let us struggle as the saints did before us to establish God’s reign on earth.